Charles Ruddock
When a client comes into one of our pain management programs, their injury, pain and related symptoms are comprehensively assessed to ensure a tailored individualised program can be provided. One scale administered is called the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) (1). The scale looks at the concept of “self-efficacy.” Psychologist Albert Bandura defined self-efficacy as: "how well one can execute courses of action required to deal with prospective situations.”(2) Another way of understanding self-efficacy, might be whether someone moves toward obstacles/challenges, or whether they move away from them.








